Batik dipercaya semakin berkembang di zaman Majapahit. Kerajaan ini memperlihatkan tingginya peradaban dan estetika.

Surabayastory.com – Sejarah batik Indonesia memiliki perjalanan yang sangat panjang. Dari catatan historis, batik yang memiliki nilai seni tinggi dan telah menjadi bagian dari budaya Indonesia, berasal dari zaman nenek moyang yang dikenal sejak abad ke-12. Ini bisa dilihat dari relief Candi Penataran yang memperlihatkan adanya tokoh-tokoh yang menggunakan kain panjang dengan motif batik. Sementara untuk gambar motif-motif batik yang dipakai dalam ornament-ornamen relief, juga banyak dijumpai di Candi Borobudur yang dibangun abad ke-9.
Pada awalnya, batik digunakan sebagai hiasan pada daun lontar yang berisi naskah atau tulisan agar tampak lebih menarik. Seiring perkembangan interaksi bangsa Indonesia dengan bangsa asing, maka mulai dikenal media batik pada kain. Sejak itu, batik mulai digunakan sebagai corak kain yang berkembang sebagai busana tradisional, khusus digunakan di kalangan ningrat keraton.
Berbagai sumber tertulis menyebutkan bahwa sejarah batik di Indonesia sering dikaitkan dengan Kerajaan Majapahit dan penyebaran Islam di Pulau Jawa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan penemuan arca dalam Candi Ngrimbi dekat Jombang yang menggambarkan sosok Raden Wijaya, raja pertama Majapahit (1294-1309), memakai kain batik bermotif kawung.
Dari Kitab Negarakertagama, disebutkan ibukota Majapahit dipenuhi dengan keindahan. Mulai dari ukiran, pahatan, komposisi ruang, komposisi bidang, warna, hingga semuanya menyatu dalam estetika utuh.

Berkembangnya batik dari masa ke masa di setiap daerah di Pulau Jawa terciptalah banyak jenis, motif, serta corak (style) batik. Di setiap daerah selalu lekat dengan filosofi dan budaya masing-masing daerah yang amat beragam. Luasnya khasanah budaya Indonesia yang demikian kaya telah mendorong lahirnya berbagai corak dan jenis batik tradisional yang unik dengan ciri khas yang otentik.

Penyebaran batik di Pulau Jawa sudah bisa dilihat sejak zaman Kerajaan Majapahit. Di zaman ini batik bukan lagi sekadar kain penutup, tetapi sudah menjadi kebudayaan dan barometer peradaban. Keadaan ini bisa ditelusuri di daerah Mojokerto dan Tulung Agung. Mojoketo adalah daerah yang erat hubungannya dengan kerajaan Majapahit, karena pusat Kerajaan Majapahit di Trowulan yang menjadi bagian dari Mojokerto.
Kain dan Warna
Batik di Mojokerto saat ini terdapat di daerah Kwali, Mojosari, Betero dan Sidomulyo. Di akhir abad ke-19 batik masih sangat dikenal di Mojokerto. Bahan-bahan dasar yang dipakai disiapkan sendiri. Kain mori putih ditenun sendiri dan pewarna menggunakan warna-warna di lingkungan sekitar, seperti mengkudu, nila tom, soga jambal, kulit pohon tinggi dan sebagainya.
Bahan pewarna kimia baru dikenal sesudah Perang Dunia I yang dijual oleh pedagang-pedagang Cina di Mojokerto. Dengan masuknya pewarna kimia, batik cap mulai berkembang. Besi untuk pola batik cap banyak diproduksi di daerah Bangil, dan para pengusaha batik Mojokerto membelinya di pasar Porong, Sidoarjo. Di Pasar Porong ini juga kain-kain batik produksi Kedungcangkring dan Jetis Sidoarjo banyak dijual.
Sementara Tulung Agung adalah daerah pengembangan pembatikan. Kala itu wilayah Tulungagung masih berupa rawa-rawa dan dikenal dengan nama Bonorowo. Saat Majapahit berkembang, daerah tersebut dikuasai oleh Adipati Kalang, dan tidak mau tunduk kepada Majapahit. Akhirnya dalam sebuah serbuan, Adipati Kalang tewas. Pertempuran kemudian dikenal dengan Pertempuran Kalangbret. Setelah itu banyak tentara dan keluarga kerajaan Majapahit yang tinggal di Bonorowo (Tulungagung) dan membawa kesenian membuat batik.
Batik dari daerah Kalangbret utamanya ada di Desa Majan dan Simo. Batik di sini punya ciri-ciri hampir sama dengan batik-batik Jogjakarta. Rata-rata mempunyai dasar putih dan motif bercorak coklat muda dan merah dari kulit mengkudu (sogan) dan biru tua dari tom. Sebagai batik setra sejak dahulu terkenal juga didaerah desa Sembung. Di akhir abad ke-19, para pengusaha batik dari Solo datang ke Tulungagung. Sekarang masih terdapat beberapa keluarga pembatikan dari Solo yang menetap di daerah Sembung. Selain dari tempat-tempat tesebut juga terdapat daerah pembatikan di Trenggalek dan Kediri. Tetapi sifatnya sebagian kerajinan rumah tangga.
Kejayaan kerajaan Majapahit di masa lampau telah membuat seni batik tertancap kuat selama berabad-abad sebagai warisan budaya nusantara. Kenyataan tersebut membuktikan bahwa kegiatan membatik telah ada sejak ratusan tahun silam. Kejayaan majapahit yang memiliki wilayah kekuasaan sangat luas, batik makin dikenal oleh masyarakat. –sa








Hi, after reading this remarkable paragraph i am too glad
to share my experience here with colleagues.
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and
i was just curious if you get a lot of spam feedback? If so how do you protect against it, any plugin or anything you can recommend?
I get so much lately it’s driving me insane so any assistance is very
much appreciated.
That is really interesting, You are a very professional blogger.
I’ve joined your feed and look ahead to in the hunt for more of your great
post. Also, I’ve shared your site in my social networks
whoah this weblog is excellent i really like reading your posts.
Stay up the good work! You recognize, a lot of individuals are searching round for this
info, you could aid them greatly.
Hi! This is my first comment here so I just wanted to give a quick shout out and say I genuinely enjoy reading through your posts.
Can you recommend any other blogs/websites/forums that go over the same
topics? Thanks for your time!
Appreciating the dedication you put into your site and in depth
information you provide. It’s good to come across a blog every once in a
while that isn’t the same outdated rehashed material.
Fantastic read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m adding your RSS feeds to my
Google account.
It’s very straightforward to find out any matter on net
as compared to textbooks, as I found this piece of
writing at this site.
Nice replies in return of this issue with firm
arguments and describing everything on the
topic of that.
After looking at a number of the blog articles on your web site, I seriously appreciate your technique of blogging.
I bookmarked it to my bookmark webpage list and will be checking back in the near future.
Please check out my website too and tell me your opinion.
Nice blog right here! Additionally your web site
a lot up very fast! What web host are you the
use of? Can I get your associate hyperlink
in your host? I wish my site loaded up as
fast as yours lol
Hi everyone, it’s my first visit at this web page, and article is genuinely fruitful in support
of me, keep up posting such articles or reviews.
Hello there! This post could not be written any better!
Reading this post reminds me of my previous room mate!
He always kept talking about this. I will forward this article
to him. Fairly certain he will have a good read. Thanks for sharing!
Heya i’m for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It really useful & it helped
me out much. I hope to give something back and aid others like you
aided me.
I am not sure where you are getting your information, but great
topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more.
Thanks for great info I was looking for this information for my mission.
Hello there, You have done an excellent job. I will definitely digg it and personally suggest
to my friends. I am sure they’ll be benefited from this website.
An intriguing discussion is worth comment. I do believe that you should write more
about this subject matter, it may not be a taboo subject but typically people don’t discuss such subjects.
To the next! All the best!!
I couldn’t resist commenting. Exceptionally well written!
I must thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this blog.
I’m hoping to check out the same high-grade content by you
in the future as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has
motivated me to get my very own website now 😉
I like the helpful information you provide in your articles.
I’ll bookmark your blog and check again here frequently. I’m quite sure I will learn a lot of new stuff
right here! Good luck for the next!
I enjoy what you guys tend to be up too. This sort of clever work and reporting!
Keep up the good works guys I’ve added you guys to blogroll.
Hello! Would you mind if I share your blog with my myspace
group? There’s a lot of people that I think would really
enjoy your content. Please let me know.
Cheers
Its like you read my mind! You seem to know a lot about this, like
you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you
could do with some pics to drive the message home a bit, but
other than that, this is excellent blog. An excellent read.
I’ll certainly be back.
Pretty component of content. I just stumbled upon your web site and in accession capital to
say that I get in fact enjoyed account your blog posts.
Any way I will be subscribing in your feeds and even I
success you access consistently quickly.
Hey there, You have done an excellent job. I’ll definitely digg it
and personally suggest to my friends. I’m sure they will be benefited
from this site.
Good information. Lucky me I found your site by accident (stumbleupon).
I’ve saved as a favorite for later!
Thanks for some other informative blog. The place else may just I
get that kind of information written in such a perfect approach?
I’ve a challenge that I’m just now running on, and I’ve been at the glance out for such
information.
This article presents clear idea designed for the new visitors
of blogging, that genuinely how to do running a blog.
Nice post. I was checking constantly this weblog and I’m impressed!
Extremely helpful information specifically the final phase
🙂 I maintain such information a lot. I used to be seeking this particular
information for a long time. Thank you and good luck.
I am extremely inspired along with your writing abilities as neatly as with the
layout for your weblog. Is that this a paid topic
or did you customize it your self? Anyway keep up the excellent high quality writing, it is uncommon to peer a nice weblog
like this one nowadays..
I am curious to find out what blog platform you happen to be working with?
I’m having some minor security issues with my latest blog and I’d like to find something more risk-free.
Do you have any suggestions?
Hey there! I know this is kinda off topic but I was
wondering if you knew where I could locate a captcha plugin for my comment form?
I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having problems finding one?
Thanks a lot!
Thanks for another fantastic post. Where else may just
anybody get that type of info in such a perfect manner of writing?
I’ve a presentation next week, and I am on the look for such information.
I’m not sure where you’re getting your info, but great topic.
I needs to spend some time studying more or
figuring out more. Thanks for great information I used to be
on the lookout for this information for my mission.
Fine way of describing, and pleasant article to obtain data
concerning my presentation subject matter, which i am going to deliver
in school.
Do you have any video of that? I’d care to find
out some additional information.
Saved as a favorite, I really like your blog!
If some one wants to be updated with newest technologies then he must be pay
a visit this web page and be up to date daily.
I was suggested this website by means of my cousin. I’m not
certain whether or not this put up is written by way
of him as no one else realize such distinct approximately my trouble.
You’re amazing! Thank you!